BS”D 12 Elul 5781 Julian Aleksandrowicz was born on 20 August 1908. He was a medical doctor, a professor of medicine and a philosopher. 20 sierpnia 1908 r. w Krakowie urodził się Julian Aleksandrowicz; lekarz internista, profesor nauk medycznych, filozof medycyny i hematolog. He became a medical doctor in 1933 and finished studying Physical Education next year. He also defended his doctoral thesis in 1934. In 1939 he was drafted into the army. He escaped from a POW camp and returned to Kraków in January 1940, but in 1941 he was taken to the ghetto in Kraków, where he organised one of the three hospitals. During the liquidation of the ghetto he escaped with his wife and children through the sewers and rejoined the army. He organised medical services and…

BS”D 9 Elul 5781 Julius Feldhorn was born in Tarnopol on 17 August 1901. He was a historian of literature, a teacher, a poet and a translator. He graduated from the Philosophy Department of the Jagiellonian University in 1923 and received his doctorate in 1927. Right after, he started to teach Polish in a Jewish school in Kraków. He worked for several newspapers and published books of poetry. He was well-liked by his pupils. He fought at the outbreak of the Second World War and was imprisoned in Lublin, but escaped to Lvov. After the outbreak of hostilities between Germany and the Soviet Union he hid in Wiśnicz and Swoszowice, but was captured by the Germans and shot in August 1943, may he rest in peace. Text: Dr. D. Cohen

BS”D 5 Elul 5781 The month of August is a very sad month for Jews since there are almost daily anniversaries related to the Shoah and therefore with suffering. We remember these events also so that those who were murdered will live on in our hearts. On 13-14 August 1942 the German occupants deported and then murdered most of the inhabitants of Dukla, Rymanów, Bobowa and Biecza. In all these places there was violence, then a selection, then deportation, then murder. 2000 people from Dukla and Rymanów were sent to Belżec and murdered. Healthy and young men were sent to concentration camps, others (women, children and old people) shot in the Błudno woods near Tyława and those who had not the strength to walk were killed in the cemetery in…

BS”D 3 Elul 5781 According to Martyna Grądzka-Rejak people were praying in the Kupa Synagogue. A crowd started gathering in front of the building and started to attack the building in front of the synagogue. The Jews at first did not react, thinking that stone-throwing and shouting were part of the usual anti-Semitic routine. A boy shouted that they were going to kill him. At about 11 AM the crowd went inside the synagogue, devastated it and burnt books. Physical violence ensued. Policemen and soldiers took part in the attack, which reinforced the idea, in the crowd, that attacking Jews was allowed. 56-year-old Róża Berger, may she rest in peace and may the murderers be punished, was killed after surviving Auschwitz.