A group of thugs connected with a Partisian Grouping called ”Błyskawica”, led by Józef Kuraś (alias ”Ogień”), opened fire on Jewish civilians who were trying to cross the border, killing several of them.  This incident took place on 2nd May 1946  near Krościenko. „Brochures distributed by ”Ogień” across the Podahale region always included the same element – comparing the Jewish community to the communist regime”, a brochure issued in 2017 by the Krakow branch of the Institute of National Remembrance notes.  As long as eliminating the Secret Police officers could be explained, the violence directed at regular people who were not linked to any political activities cannot be excused. During the negotiations with the Secret Police in 1946, Kuraś appealed for the expulsion of Jews from Podhale, just like it…

Born on 18th April 1921 in Zabłocie, Renata Zisman, née  Springut, was a pianist and a long-term teacher. Zisman was a graduate of the State College of Music in both Krakow and Wroclaw.  She spent the war in the Krakow getto as well as in the Płaszow, Auschwitz-Birkenau, Ravensbrück and Neustadt-Glewe camps, living to see the liberation in the latter. After the war Zisman worked as both a school principal and a teacher at the Witold Rowicki 1st Degree State College of Music in Żywiec. She was a teacher in the grand piano and conducting class. Next, Renata Zisman took up another teaching job at the Władysław Żeleński Secondary State School of Music in Krakow where she lived to her retirement in 1995. She was awarded Gold Cross of Merit,…

Born on 20th March 1900 in Krakow, Estera Hadasa Broder, daughter of  Efroim Schindler and Małka Lea, née Gutwürth, was a teacher and and a botanist. A 1920 St. Jack’s Gymnasium graduate who continued her education at the Faculty of Philosophy at the Jagiellonian University, which she finished in 1926 with a PhD title.  Right after her studies, Broder moved to Łódź where she worked as a Biology and Geography teacher. She also worked at the Female Gymnasium of the Association of the Secondary Education for the Jews in Łódź. Between 1929–1930, she passed her academic exams in front of the Central Examination Committee in Krakow for the would-be Botanics and Zoology and Geography and Geology secondary school teachers.  After WWII broke out, Estera Hadasa Broder was expelled from Łódź…

Józef Michał Rosenblatt, a councillor, lawyer, professor of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, the son of Joachim and Karolina, née Einblid, was born on 19th March 1853 in Cracow. A graduate of St. Ann’s Gymnasium in Cracow and the Jagiellonian University at the Law Department. In 1876, Rosenblatt obtained his PhD title in Law. The government scholarship enabled him to participate in lectures and seminars in Berlin, Leipzig and Munchen. In 1877, after his return to Cracow , he obtained his postdoctorial degree and started  his academic and didactic work on criminal law and criminal trial at the Jagiellonian University. Rosenblatt  obtained the title of Associate Professor in 1884, only to become a Professor in 1893. Between 1877-1882, he worked at a law office, mosty as an attorney in criminal…